How does speed differ from velocity?

The distinction between speed and velocity lies primarily in the inclusion of direction. Speed is defined as the distance traveled per unit of time and is a scalar quantity, meaning it only has magnitude and no direction associated with it. For example, if you drive a car at 60 kilometers per hour, this figure represents your speed.

On the other hand, velocity is a vector quantity, meaning it includes both magnitude and direction. When describing velocity, one would specify not only how fast an object is moving, but also the direction of that movement. For instance, if the same car is traveling at 60 kilometers per hour to the north, this complete description embodies its velocity.

This fundamental difference is crucial in physics, as velocity can convey information about motion in a way that speed cannot. When analyzing motion, understanding whether we are discussing speed or velocity can significantly impact calculations and interpretations related to displacement, acceleration, and overall movement dynamics.